Tower Semiconductor

Migdal Haemek, Israel

Company Overview

Headquarters: Migdal Haemek, Israel
Ownership: Public (Nasdaq/TASE: TSEM); independent (2022 Intel acquisition terminated 2023)
Total Fabs: Six fabs: Fab 2 (Migdal Haemek, Israel), Fab 3 (Newport Beach, CA), Fab 5 (Tonami, Japan) and Fab 7 (Uozu, Japan) via TPSCo, Fab 9 (San Antonio, TX), Fab 10 (Agrate, Italy, 300mm). Fab 1 (150mm) ceased operations Q1 2025. TPSCo is 51% Tower / 49% Nuvoton Technology Japan; a March 2026 restructuring gives Tower 100% of Fab 7 and Nuvoton 100% of Fab 5, targeted to close April 2027
200mm Fab Locations: Fab 2 (Migdal Haemek, Israel), Fab 3 (Newport Beach, CA), Fab 9 (San Antonio, TX), Fab 5 (Tonami, Japan)
Wafer Sizes Run: 200mm & 300mm
Most Recent Revenue: FY2025 revenue US$1,566.1M (+9% YoY); Q4 2025 US$440M (record, +14% YoY); Q1 2026 US$414M (+15% YoY)
Employees: 5,316 as of Dec 31, 2025 (Japan 2,398; US 1,586; Israel 1,296; other 36)
Major Segments: RF infrastructure (SiPho/SiGe), high-voltage 200mm power management, sensors, new 300mm envelope trackers
Long-Term Strategy: Specialty analog/RF/photonics positioning; doubling then tripling silicon-photonics capacity through 2026; new 300mm Agrate facility adds cost in near term

No named process technologies recorded for this foundry yet.

Absence here means the process list has not been researched, not that the foundry offers none.

CMOS Min/Max Geometry: 130nm-800nm on 200mm (Fab 2: 0.13-0.35um; Fab 3: 0.13-0.80um; Fab 9: 0.18-0.8um); 65nm on 300mm (TPSCo Japan and Fab 10 Agrate only)
CMOS Analog/RF/Mixed-Signal: Yes (strong RF)
CMOS Embedded Memory: Limited
CMOS HV, Automotive-Qualified: Yes
BCD Voltage Range: Yes
BCD LDMOS: Yes
BCD/SOI Isolation Option: Yes
SOI — PD-SOI: Yes
SOI — FD-SOI: No
SOI — RF-SOI: Yes (strong)
SOI — Photonics-Compatible: Yes (leading)
MEMS: Yes
Power — SiC: Limited
Power — GaN: Limited
Power — HV CMOS: Yes
Specialty — eNVM: Limited
Specialty — CIS: No
Specialty — Photonics: Yes (leading)
Specialty — Display Driver: No

Qualified 200mm Fabs: 3 (Israel, Newport Beach, San Antonio) + Agrate (300mm)
Multi-Site Technology Transfer: Yes — explicit multi-fab qualification is a company selling point
Automotive Production Volume: Yes
IATF 16949: Yes (verify per fab)
ISO 13485 (Medical): Yes — sensor/analog lines used in medical designs, verify per fab
ISO 9001: Yes
AS9100 (Aerospace): Limited — verify
Defense / Rad-Hard Experience: Some — RF/defense-adjacent customers reported
Export Restriction Status: Not export-restricted; Israel-based site carries regional security risk, not trade-control risk

Typical Quoted Lead Time (200mm): Verify — company emphasizes flexible, customer-specific lead times
Recent Utilization: Revenue growth trend suggests high utilization (record Q4 2025 revenue)
Expansion Plans: Doubling then tripling silicon-photonics capacity by mid-2026; new 300mm Agrate (Italy) facility ramping (adds near-term fixed-cost drag)
Geographic Redundancy: Good — Israel + 2 US sites + Italy
Single-Site Concentration Risk: Low-moderate — genuinely multi-region for a specialty player
Natural Disaster Exposure: Elevated in Israel (regional security risk) — low in US/Italy sites
Utility Risk (Power/Water): Low — mature grids across all sites

Fab Site	Country	US Import Tariff	Considerations	Risk
Fab 2 — Migdal Haemek	Israel	Not recorded	Regional security risk (Israel conflict exposure) is the primary factor, not US-China trade policy	Elevated
Newport Beach, CA	United States	Not recorded	Low export-control friction; benefits from friendshoring demand	Low
San Antonio, TX	United States	Not recorded	Same low-risk US profile as Newport Beach	Low
Fab 5 — Tonami (TPSCo, 200mm)	Japan	Not recorded	Held through TPSCo, 51% Tower / 49% Nuvoton Technology Japan. Under a March 2026 restructuring Nuvoton takes 100% of this 200mm fab (targeted close April 2027), so it is expected to leave Tower's portfolio.	Low
Fab 7 — Uozu (TPSCo, 300mm)	Japan	Not recorded	Held through TPSCo. The same March 2026 restructuring gives Tower 100% ownership of this 300mm fab via a wholly owned Japanese subsidiary. Tower also announced a METI-supported expansion in July 2026 adding a new adjacent 300mm fab plus repurposing the former Arai facility.	Low
Agrate (300mm, ST-operated; Tower holds rights to ~1/3 of capacity)	Italy (EU)	Not recorded	EU Chips Act eligible; adds a second low-risk Western jurisdiction	Low

MPW Shuttle Availability: Yes — company markets itself as accessible to fabless/smaller customers via multiple regional design centers
Typical Mask Set Cost (Order of Magnitude): Specialty analog/RF/photonics: mid-to-high six figures depending on process complexity
Prototype/Engineering Wafer Pricing: Not publicly listed — company known for engaging directly with smaller/startup customers
Production Wafer Pricing Direction (2025–26): Growth trend suggests firming prices; record Q4 2025 revenue
Typical NRE Posture: More flexible than large digital foundries — frequently cited as approachable for fabless/startup engagement
Packaging/Test Partnerships: Multiple regional OSAT partnerships (US, Israel, Asia)
Licensing / IP Fees: Standard PDK/TLA licensing; active IP ecosystem for RF/photonics building blocks

Cadence: Yes — Virtuoso certified for RF/analog/photonics flows
Synopsys: Yes — including OptoDesigner-class photonics flows
Siemens EDA (Calibre): Yes — Calibre sign-off standard
Notable IP Vendor Relationships: Active RF/photonics IP-building-block ecosystem
OSAT / Packaging Partners: Multi-region OSAT partnerships (US, Israel, Asia)
Design-Service Partners: Known for direct engagement with fabless/startup design teams via regional design centers
University / Reference-Design Programs: Active participant in industry photonics consortia (verify current list)
Open-Source / Academic PDK: No public open PDK